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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Fetal Growth Restriction Before and After Birth.

Andrea Westby1, Laura Miller1

  • 1University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

American Family Physician
|November 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) hinders a fetus's growth potential, impacting childhood health. Early detection and management are crucial for better outcomes in affected neonates and children.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Fetal growth restriction (FGR), previously intrauterine growth restriction, is a condition where a fetus fails to reach its full growth potential.
  • Early detection and management of FGR are critical due to its significant clinical implications throughout childhood.
  • FGR is diagnosed via ultrasonography, identifying estimated fetal weight or abdominal circumference below the 10th percentile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the diagnostic criteria and clinical implications of fetal growth restriction.
  • To highlight the importance of early detection and management of FGR for neonatal and childhood health.
  • To discuss prevention strategies, delivery timing considerations, and long-term risks associated with FGR.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis is based on formal ultrasonography measurements, including estimated fetal weight and abdominal circumference.
  • Early-onset FGR is defined as diagnosis before 32 weeks' gestation.
  • Management involves consultation with maternal-fetal medicine specialists to determine optimal delivery timing.

Main Results:

  • Early-onset FGR is associated with a higher risk of adverse fetal outcomes.
  • Aspirin, used for preeclampsia prevention in high-risk pregnancies, may reduce the incidence of FGR.
  • Neonates with FGR face risks including feeding difficulties, glucose and temperature instability, and jaundice.

Conclusions:

  • FGR necessitates careful monitoring and management due to potential adverse outcomes.
  • Long-term risks for children affected by FGR include abnormal growth and later development of cardiac, metabolic, neurodevelopmental, reproductive, and psychiatric disorders.
  • There are no definitive preventive measures, but aspirin may offer some benefit in high-risk cases.