Nanomaterial-based bioorthogonal nanozymes for biological applications
Stefano Fedeli1, Jungkyun Im1,2,3, Sanjana Gopalakrishnan1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA. rotello@chem.umass.edu.
Chemical Society Reviews
|November 17, 2021
Summary
Bioorthogonal chemistry uses unique reactions for new imaging and therapies. Incorporating transition metal catalysts (TMCs) into nanomaterials overcomes challenges like toxicity and instability for biomedical applications.
Area of Science:
- Bioorthogonal chemistry
- Nanomaterials
- Catalysis
Background:
- Bioorthogonal transformations offer novel pathways for biological processes.
- Bioorthogonal chemistry enables advanced imaging and therapeutic strategies.
- Bioorthogonal catalysis facilitates in situ drug and imaging tool generation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review strategies for incorporating transition metal catalysts (TMCs) into nanomaterial scaffolds.
- To highlight the potential of bioorthogonal nanocatalysts and nanozymes for clinical applications.
- To address challenges associated with the direct application of TMCs in biological systems.
Main Methods:
- Discusses the integration of TMCs within nanomaterial frameworks.
- Explores methods to enhance solubility, stability, and reduce toxicity of TMCs.
- Covers engineering nanomaterial platforms for improved cellular uptake and biodistribution.
Main Results:
- Nanomaterial scaffolds enhance aqueous solubility and stability of TMCs.
- Engineered platforms improve cellular uptake, biodistribution, and active targeting.
- Strategies mitigate toxicity and instability issues of TMCs in biological media.
Conclusions:
- Incorporating TMCs into nanomaterials offers a promising approach for bioorthogonal applications.
- Nanomaterial-based bioorthogonal catalysts show potential for in situ drug generation and imaging.
- Further development is needed to translate bioorthogonal nanocatalysts and nanozymes to clinical use.
