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Effect of hypothermia on the cochlear potentials.

N Inamura¹, J Kusakari, T Takasaka

¹Department of Otolaryngology, Tohoku University, School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica. Supplementum

|January 1, 1987

Summary

Hypothermia temporarily boosts auditory nerve action potential (AP) amplitude in guinea pigs, especially at high frequencies. This effect disappears after cutting efferent cochlear nerve fibers.

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Area of Science:

Otoacoustic Emissions
Neuroscience
Auditory Physiology

Background:

Hypothermia impacts auditory function.
The auditory nerve action potential (AP) and compound action potential (CM) are key indicators of cochlear function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of hypothermia on cochlear potentials, specifically the auditory nerve action potential (AP) amplitude.
To determine the role of efferent cochlear nerve fibers in the observed hypothermic effects on AP.

Main Methods:

Auditory potentials (CM and AP) were recorded from guinea pigs using round window electrodes.
Body temperature was systematically lowered.
Narrow-band analysis of AP was performed.
The crossed and uncrossed olivocochlear bundles (efferent fibers) were sectioned in some animals.

Main Results:

Compound action potential (CM) amplitude and threshold, and auditory nerve action potential (AP) latency and threshold, were impaired by hypothermia.
AP amplitude showed a transient increase during moderate cooling (peaking at 30°C) before decreasing.
This transient AP amplitude increase was most pronounced in high-frequency regions.
Cutting efferent cochlear nerve fibers abolished the transient AP amplitude increase.

Conclusions:

The transient increase in AP amplitude during mild hypothermia is likely mediated by efferent cochlear nerve fibers.
Differential sensitivity to hypothermia between efferent and afferent auditory systems may explain this phenomenon.

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