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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

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A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Published on: September 20, 2019
10.8K
Biochemical Parameters in Extremely Preterm Infants Receiving Mixed Lipid Emulsions
Summary
Soybean-fish oil emulsion (SMOF) increased DHA and EPA in preterm infants but did not cause essential fatty acid deficiency. Growth declined, potentially due to necrotizing enterocolitis, not SMOF.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal nutrition
- Pediatric gastroenterology
- Lipid metabolism
Background:
- Soybean oil lipid emulsions (SOLE) are conventional for preterm infants.
- A novel fish oil-containing lipid emulsion (SMOF) offers higher n-3 fatty acids and alpha-tocopherol.
- SMOF has lower phytosterols compared to SOLE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze plasma fatty acid profiles (FAPs) in extremely preterm infants receiving SMOF.
- To assess the tolerability and biochemical markers of long-term SMOF therapy.
- To evaluate growth parameters in infants on SMOF.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of infants born <28 weeks gestational age receiving SMOF for ≥30 days.
- Monthly evaluation of FAPs, direct bilirubin (DB), and triglycerides (TG).
- Longitudinal assessment of growth parameters until hospital discharge.
Main Results:
- Sixteen infants received SMOF for a median of 76 days; 14 had surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
- Elevated median docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels observed.
- No essential fatty acid deficiency or hypertriglyceridemia; DB trended downwards. Growth Z-scores declined.
Conclusions:
- SMOF administration resulted in greater DHA than EPA elevation, with unknown clinical significance.
- Growth decline in SMOF-treated infants was confounded by a high incidence of surgically treated NEC.
- SMOF appears biochemically tolerated in extremely preterm infants, but growth impact requires further study.
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