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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

High Efficiency Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes and Characterization by Flow Cytometry
Published on: September 23, 2014
GSNOR regulates cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation through protein S-nitrosylation
Zachary W Grimmett1,2, Nicholas M Venetos2,3, Richard T Premont2,4
1Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Abstract:
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a denitrosylase enzyme responsible for reverting protein S-nitrosylation (SNO). In this issue, Salerno et al. [1] provide evidence that GSNOR deficiency - and thus elevated protein S-nitrosylation - accelerates cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). GSNOR inhibition (GSNOR-/- iPSCs) expedites the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes cardiomyocyte progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. These findings are consistent with emerging roles for protein S-nitrosylation in developmental biology (including cardiomyocyte development), aging/longevity, and cancer.
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