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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

354
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
354
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

669
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
669

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
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Quantitative EEG-Based Seizure Estimation in Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus.

Ayham Alkhachroum1,2,3, Saptharishi Lalgudi Ganesan4,5, Johannes P Koren6

  • 1Department of Neurology, Columbia University and NewYork Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.

Neurocritical Care
|November 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) shows high sensitivity but low specificity for detecting seizures in super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE). Experienced qEEG readers can accurately estimate seizure burden in SRSE patients.

Keywords:
ElectroencephalogramQuantitative electroencephalographySeizure burdenStatus epilepticusSuper-refractory status epilepticus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) presents diagnostic challenges.
  • Accurate seizure burden quantification is crucial for SRSE management.
  • Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) is a potential tool for seizure monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of qEEG in determining seizure burden in SRSE patients.
  • To compare qEEG performance between experienced and novice users.
  • To assess the clinical utility of qEEG for SRSE seizure detection.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of EEG recordings from 69 SRSE patients (2009-2019).
  • Seizure annotation by gold standard (raw EEG experts), qEEG experts, and qEEG novices.
  • Comparison of seizure detection rates, false positive rates, and seizure burden estimates.

Main Results:

  • qEEG experts demonstrated 93% sensitivity and 61% specificity, with good inter-rater agreement (κ=0.64).
  • qEEG novices showed 98.5% sensitivity but only 13% specificity, with fair inter-rater agreement (κ=0.4).
  • Seizure burden estimates by qEEG experts closely matched the gold standard, while novices overestimated it.

Conclusions:

  • Both experienced and novice qEEG users achieved high sensitivity but low specificity for SRSE seizure detection.
  • qEEG is a valuable tool for experienced users to estimate seizure burden in SRSE.
  • Further refinement of qEEG analysis may improve specificity in SRSE monitoring.