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Related Concept Videos

An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

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The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
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Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

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A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
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Structures of the Endocrine System00:59

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The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...
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What is the Endocrine System?00:46

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The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.
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The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

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The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

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Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
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Methods to Test Endocrine Disruption in Drosophila melanogaster
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[Endocrine disruptors: key messages].

Robert Barouki1

  • 1INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie environnementale, cibles thérapeutiques, signalisation cellulaire et biomarqueurs. Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital européen Georges- Pompidou, service de biochimie métabolomique et protéomique, Paris, France. Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|November 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The exposome encompasses all environmental exposures from conception onward. Understanding the exposome is crucial for deciphering environmental impacts on health.

Keywords:
Endocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental PollutantsEnvironmental Pollution

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health Sciences
  • Toxicology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The exposome concept integrates environmental exposures throughout the lifespan.
  • Traditional research often focuses on single environmental factors, limiting comprehensive understanding.
  • A holistic approach is needed to address the complexity of environmental influences on health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and elaborate on the concept of the exposome.
  • To highlight the importance of studying the exposome in public health.
  • To provide a framework for future exposome research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on environmental exposures and health.
  • Conceptualization of the exposome as a comprehensive measure.
  • Integration of various exposure assessment strategies.

Main Results:

  • The exposome includes a wide range of chemical, physical, and social exposures.
  • Early-life exposures significantly shape long-term health trajectories.
  • Interactions between different exposures are critical determinants of health outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The exposome offers a powerful paradigm for understanding environmental health.
  • Comprehensive exposome assessment is essential for disease prevention.
  • Future research should prioritize integrated exposure assessment and analysis.