Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

A Novel Saturation Mutagenesis Approach: Single Step Characterization of Regulatory Protein Binding Sites in RNA Using Phosphorothioates
11:49

A Novel Saturation Mutagenesis Approach: Single Step Characterization of Regulatory Protein Binding Sites in RNA Using Phosphorothioates

Published on: August 21, 2018

6.7K

Noncoding Genes on Sex Chromosomes and Their Function in Sex Determination, Dosage Compensation, Male Traits, and

Michelle C Maier1,2, Molly-Rose A McInerney1,2, Jennifer A Marshall Graves3

  • 1Health Innovation & Transformation Centre, Federation University, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia.

Sexual Development : Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution, Endocrinology, Embryology, and Pathology of Sex Determination and Differentiation
|November 18, 2021
PubMed

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseEvolutionGene regulationMammalian sex determinationNoncoding RNASRYSex chromosomesSpecies evolutionW chromosomeX chromosomeXistY chromosomeZ chromosomecircRNAlincRNAlncRNAmRNAmiRNA

More Related Videos

Slide Preparation Method to Preserve Three-dimensional Chromatin Architecture of Testicular Germ Cells07:34

Slide Preparation Method to Preserve Three-dimensional Chromatin Architecture of Testicular Germ Cells

Published on: January 10, 2014

7.6K
Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.2K

Related Concept Videos

Dosage Compensation02:50

Dosage Compensation

In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with  distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
6.5K
X and Y Chromosomes02:32

X and Y Chromosomes

Among mammals, the gender of an organism is determined by the sex chromosomes. Humans have two sex chromosomes, X and Y. Every human diploid cell has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. A human female has two X chromosomes, while a male has one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
The germline cells such as egg and sperm cells carry only half the number of chromosomes, i.e., 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome. All eggs have an X chromosome, while sperm cells can carry an X or...
27.2K
X-linked Traits01:19

X-linked Traits

In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.
55.7K
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes02:45

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes

In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.  
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
8.9K
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness

The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
7.1K
Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

Overview
86.0K