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Orbital torque in magnetic bilayers.

Dongjoon Lee1,2, Dongwook Go3,4, Hyeon-Jong Park1

  • 1KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.

Nature Communications
|November 19, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The orbital Hall effect generates orbital currents, enabling torque on ferromagnets for spintronic devices. This study confirms orbital Hall effect contributions in Ni/Ta bilayers, distinct from the spin Hall effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • The spin Hall effect generates transverse spin currents, while the orbital Hall effect generates transverse orbital currents.
  • Orbital currents carry angular momentum, similar to spin currents, enabling torque on magnetization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnet/heavy metal bilayers.
  • To experimentally and theoretically confirm the presence and contribution of the orbital Hall effect.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of various ferromagnet/heavy metal bilayers.
  • Theoretical analysis of spin-orbit torques.
  • Experimental measurement of magnetic torque in Ni/Ta bilayers.

Main Results:

  • The orbital Hall effect contributes to magnetic torque in heavy metals, competing with the spin Hall effect.
  • In Ni/Ta bilayers, the net torque sign is consistent with orbital Hall theory, not spin Hall theory.
  • Unambiguous confirmation of orbital torque generation via the orbital Hall effect.

Conclusions:

  • The orbital Hall effect can generate significant orbital torques in magnetic heterostructures.
  • This finding validates the orbital Hall effect as a mechanism for spintronic applications.
  • Opens new avenues for orbital engineering in spin-orbit-coupled phenomena research.