Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 12, 2025
09:40
Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
Published on: February 14, 2014
14.4K
Diode Laser Spectrometer for Diagnostic Assessment of Exhaled Air Components.
Ya Ya Ponurovsky1, A I Nadezhdinsky2, D B Stavrovsky3
1Head of the Department of Diode Laser Spectroscopy; Federal Research Center, A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St., Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Sovremennye Tekhnologii V Meditsine
|November 19, 2021
Summary
A new exhaled air analyzer uses diode lasers to detect disease markers like CO2 and CH4. This non-invasive screening tool shows promise for early disease detection and monitoring patient health.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Screening tests require simplicity, non-invasiveness, safety, speed, and early disease detection.
- Non-invasive biomedical testing relies on analyzing physiological parameters.
- Exhaled breath analysis offers a promising avenue for non-invasive diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and test a multichannel gas analyzer for exhaled air composition.
- To assess the efficacy of near-infrared diode laser spectrometry for biomedical testing.
- To evaluate the device's capability in detecting functional disorders through exhaled air analysis.
Main Methods:
- Development of a multichannel gas analyzer based on near-infrared diode lasers with fiber output.
- Measurement of exhaled air components (12CO2, 13CO2, CH4, NH3, H2O, H2S) using a multi-pass Herriot cell.
- Clinical testing involving over 150 patients with various diseases and physiological states.
Main Results:
- The developed diode laser spectrometer successfully measured key exhaled air components in real time.
- Clinical trials demonstrated the device's ability to detect molecular changes in patients with various conditions.
- Analysis of exhaled air components correlated with functional disorders in digestive, cardiorespiratory, and kidney systems.
Conclusions:
- The developed hardware system is effective for assessing exhaled air components.
- This non-invasive technology can reveal functional disorders in various diseases.
- The diode laser spectrometer shows potential for early disease detection and patient monitoring.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II
610
In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
610
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
696
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
696
01:14UV–Vis Spectrometers
1.7K
The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
1.7K
01:26Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview
587
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
587
01:02Flame Photometry: Overview
884
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
884
01:26Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
347
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
347