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Selenium and cabbage and colon carcinogenesis in mice.

N J Temple¹, T K Basu

¹Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Journal of the National Cancer Institute

|November 1, 1987

Summary

Dietary selenium significantly protected against colon tumor formation in mice when administered during the initiation phase. Cabbage showed mixed effects, increasing tumors during initiation but reducing them during promotion.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Nutritional Science
Toxicology

Background:

Colorectal cancer remains a significant health concern.
Dietary factors play a crucial role in cancer development and prevention.
1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a chemical inducer of colorectal tumors in animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of dietary selenium and cabbage on colon tumor formation.
To evaluate the impact of these dietary components during different stages of carcinogenesis (initiation and promotion).

Main Methods:

Female Swiss mice were treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) to induce colon tumors.
Mice received either a control diet, selenium supplementation, or cabbage supplementation.
Dietary interventions were administered during distinct periods: initiation (pre- and early-DMH exposure) and promotion (post-DMH exposure).

Main Results:

Selenium supplementation during the initiation period markedly reduced both adenomas and adenocarcinomas.
Selenium during the promotion period showed only a minor reduction in adenomas.
Cabbage increased tumor incidence (especially adenocarcinomas) during initiation but decreased adenoma formation during promotion.

Conclusions:

Dietary selenium exhibits a strong chemopreventive effect against DMH-induced colon tumors, particularly when given during the initiation phase.
Dietary cabbage has dual effects, potentially promoting tumors during initiation while offering protective benefits against adenoma formation during promotion.

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