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Periodontitis Salivary Microbiota Worsens Colitis
1Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Journal of Dental Research
|November 19, 2021
Summary
Periodontitis and its salivary bacteria worsen experimental colitis, particularly ulcerative colitis, by altering gut microbiota and metabolism. This highlights periodontitis
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Periodontitis is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis.
- The role of swallowed salivary microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases remains understudied.
- Saliva harbors abundant oral bacteria that enter the intestine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of periodontitis salivary microbiota on colonic inflammation.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
- To elucidate the role of salivary microbiota in the exacerbation of experimental colitis.
Main Methods:
- Collection of salivary microbiota from healthy and periodontitis individuals.
- Gavage of salivary microbiota to C57BL/6 mice.
- Induction of colitis using DSS and ligature.
- Evaluation of colonic inflammation via histology, ELISA, and qPCR.
- Analysis of immune parameters using qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence.
- Gut microbiota and metabolome profiling using 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS.
Main Results:
- Periodontitis salivary microbiota exacerbated DSS-induced colitis, mimicking ulcerative colitis pathology.
- Aggravated macrophage M2 polarization and T helper 2 cell induction were observed.
- Changes in IBD-associated microbiota (e.g., Blautia, Helicobacter, Ruminococcus) and decreased unsaturated fatty acids were noted.
- Increased arachidonic acid metabolism correlated with Aerococcus and Ruminococcus, suggesting their role in exacerbation.
Conclusions:
- Swallowing of periodontitis salivary microbiota contributes to colitis pathogenesis.
- Periodontitis plays a role in systemic diseases, impacting gastrointestinal health.
- Findings provide new insights into the etiology of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases.
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