Site selection of check dams using geospatial techniques in Debre Berhan region, Ethiopia - water management...

Remote sensing and GIS technology were very helpful to determine an appropriate location of freshwater storage in Amhara, Ethiopia. The techniques were used to investigate the impact of lithology, surface geomorphology, slope parameters, drainage flow, drainage density, lineament density, land cover parameters on relief, and aerial and linear features and to understand their interrelationships. Morphometric parameters such as mean stream length (Lsm), stream length ratio (RL), bifurcation ratio (Rb), mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm), relief ratio (Rh), drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), drainage texture (Rt), form factor (Rf), circularity ratio (Rc), and elongation ratio (Re) were calculated. Spatial maps of morphometric parameters were produced by using AHP (analytical hierarchy process) of ArcGIS 10.3. Final priority map was generated by the overlay of those parameters with five categories of poor (16.6%), low (41.63%), moderate (29.61%), high (8.88%), and very high (3.28%) storage locations. The map showed that this study area belonged to the low to moderate storage location. The results exhibit precision-based assessment of the suitability for the dam construction sites of 6, 7, and 9 sub-basin zones. The outcome of this study strengthens the knowledge of geospatial analysis for water resources vulnerability and also allows policymakers in this drought-prone area to sustainably manage water supplies.