Quality markers for processed products of Morinda officinalis how based on the "oligosaccharides-spectrum-effect"

Morinda officinalis How (MO) possesses prominent tonifying kidney yang and strengthening bone and muscle effects in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Due to the complexity of MO components, the chemical mechanism leading to efficacy changes of MO caused by processing remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate and discover quality markers (Q-markers) related to the clinical efficacy of processed MO. The different processed products of MO have different clinical applications, although they originate from the same medicinal herb. The active chemical components from raw and processed MO that protect against reproductive oxidative stress damage were evaluated. The processed products of MO were prepared by different processing methods. The changes in oligosaccharides during processing were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD), and the differential components in raw and processed MO were analyzed using SA, HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA methods. The protective effects of raw and processed MO oligosaccharides (MOOs) against reproductive oxidative stress damage were evaluated based on the spermatic number, spermatic survival rate, abnormal sperm ratio and serum biochemical indicators in cyclophosphamide-induced (CTX-induced) male mice. The results revealed that processed MOOs had better pharmacological effects than raw MOOs. Therefore, gray correlation analysis (GRA) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods were used to investigate the spectrum-effect relationships of MOOs. Spectrum-effect relationship analysis revealed that all of the characteristic peaks contributed to the treatment of reproductive oxidative stress damage, and the relative correlation degrees were greater than 0.6. Among them, the peaks 1 F-fructofuranosylnystose, nystose, and 1-kestose and the peaks X2-X5, which were most closely correlated to the treatment of reproductive oxidative stress damage, were identified as inulin-oligosaccharides and inulo-oligosaccharides, respectively. It was proposed that these constituents could be considered Q-markers for processed products of MO. Thus, this study aimed to explore chemical markers that correlate with the clinical efficacy of processed MO.