How do the amblyopic and fellow eyes differ in adults?

To investigate the differences between the amblyopic eye and the fellow eye in adults with anisometropic amblyopia.

Measurements of the central macular thickness [CMT], subfoveal choroidal thickness [SFCT], and retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL] in patients with anisometropic amblyopia were obtained using optical coherence tomography [OCT]. Axial length [AL], anterior chamber depth [ACD], and central corneal thickness [CCT] were measured with optical biometry. All 12 parameters were compared between the amblyopic eye [Group 1] and the fellow eye [Group 2].

A total of 110 eyes of 55 patients [9 myopic, 46 hypermetropic] were analyzed retrospectively. The ages of the patients ranged from 17 to 55 years, with a mean of 30.8±10.7 years. 56.4% [n=31] of the patients were female, and 43.6% [n=24] were male. The mean spherical equivalent [SE] was 1.96±3.79 in Group 1 and 1.28±2.45 in Group 2. SFCT was 312.00±53.03 in Group 1 and 283.47±51.91 in Group 2. AL was 22.53±1.40 in Group 1 and 22.79±1.18 in Group 2. SE, SFCT, and AL were statistically significantly different between the two groups. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of CMT, RNFL, ACD and CCT values.

In adults with anisometric amblyopia, the SFCT of the amblyopic eye is greater than that of the fellow eye. The choroid plays an important role in the nutrition of the retinal layers, the development of ocular function and refractive error, and its development may be affected by the refractive error. Since the majority of our patients were hyperopic, the AL was found to be shorter in the amblyopic eye. CMT, RNFL, ACD and CCT values were the similar in both groups. There was no clinically significant relationship between biometric parameters and OCT parameters.