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Conceptual Issues in Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorders
Augusto C Castagnini1, German E Berrios2
1School of Child Neuropsychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Psychopathology
|November 21, 2021
Summary
Classification systems for short-lived psychotic disorders show significant divergence, hindering research. This study reveals a lack of continuity between historical and modern diagnostic concepts for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Mental Health Classification
- Nosology
Background:
- Current diagnostic systems, including the ICD-11's "acute and transient psychotic disorder" and the DSM-5's "brief psychotic disorder," present divergent classifications for short-lived psychotic disorders.
- This divergence highlights a significant gap in the understanding and classification of these conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the conceptual issues underlying the development of diagnostic categories for short-lived psychotic disorders.
- To assess the continuity between historical nosological concepts and current diagnostic classifications.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis of diagnostic categories for short-lived psychotic disorders.
- Comparison of historical concepts (e.g., bouffée délirante, cycloid psychosis, reactive psychosis) with modern diagnostic criteria (DSM-5, ICD-11).
Main Results:
- Little continuity was found between earlier nosological concepts and modern descriptive categories for short-lived psychotic disorders.
- Shortcomings in symptom completeness, specificity, and heterogeneity were identified in current categories.
- Changes in definitions and diagnostic criteria across DSM and ICD versions have hampered empirical research.
Conclusions:
- The current classification of short-lived psychotic disorders suffers from conceptual limitations that impede research progress.
- Enhanced understanding and greater concordance between diagnostic systems require addressing these nosological shortcomings.
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