Recurrent Macroprolactinoma with Malignant Conversion to Carcinoma with Spinal Metastasis

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Neuro-oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Pituitary adenomas are common, generally benign tumors of the pituitary gland.
• Pituitary carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms with poor prognosis.
• Carcinomas are defined by distant metastasis or CNS dissemination.

Observation:

• This case vignette describes a rare malignant prolactinoma.
• The tumor exhibited intraspinal metastasis.
• Literature review on treatment was conducted.

Findings:

• Malignant prolactinoma can metastasize to the spine.
• Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing pituitary carcinomas.
• Treatment strategies require further investigation.

Implications:

• Understanding the metastatic potential of pituitary tumors is vital.
• This case contributes to the limited literature on pituitary carcinoma.
• Further research is needed to improve outcomes for patients with pituitary carcinoma.