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Non-Coding RNAs in Gastric Cancer: From Malignant Hallmarks to Clinical Applications

Di Chen1, Shuai Ping2, Yushuang Xu1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|November 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial in gastric cancer (GC) development, influencing immune escape, drug resistance, and stemness. Further research into ncRNAs offers potential for new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this lethal malignancy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with underlying molecular mechanisms poorly understood.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are increasingly identified in cancer cells.
  • ncRNAs play essential roles in the occurrence and progression of GC, but their complex functions require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on how ncRNAs regulate malignant characteristics of GC.
  • To explore the role of ncRNAs in tumor immune escape, drug resistance, and stemness in GC.
  • To discuss the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical application in GC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on ncRNAs in gastric cancer.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on ncRNA modulation of GC hallmarks.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding ncRNA applications in GC diagnostics and therapeutics.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs significantly influence key aspects of GC malignancy, including immune evasion, therapeutic resistance, and cancer stem cell properties.
  • Accumulating evidence highlights the regulatory roles of various ncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis.
  • The intricate relationships between ncRNAs and GC progression are being uncovered, paving the way for clinical translation.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critical regulators in gastric cancer development and progression.
  • Understanding ncRNA functionality in GC offers promising avenues for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
  • Further investigation into ncRNAs is essential to validate their clinical utility for improved gastric cancer treatment.
Keywords:
biological functionsbiomarkergastric cancernon-coding RNAstargeted therapy

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