Hepatic Glucose Metabolism and Its Disorders in Fish
Xinyu Li1, Tao Han1,2, Shixuan Zheng3
1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 22, 2021
Summary
Excess dietary starch in fish feed can cause liver disorders like glycogenic hepatopathy and hepatic steatosis due to impaired glucose metabolism. Understanding these conditions is vital for healthy fish growth and efficient aquaculture.
Area of Science:
- Aquaculture Nutrition
- Fish Physiology
- Comparative Metabolism
Background:
- Carbohydrates are essential in fish feed, improving diet quality and pellet expansion.
- Excess starch intake can lead to hepatic disorders, reducing fish growth and food consumption.
- Fish possess limited capacity for glucose oxidation and blood glucose regulation, varying by species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of excess dietary starch on fish liver health.
- To highlight metabolic disturbances such as glycogenic hepatopathy and hepatic steatosis.
- To emphasize the need for species-specific understanding in aquaculture feed development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on carbohydrate metabolism in fish.
- Analysis of physiological responses to high starch diets.
- Comparative examination of hepatic disorders across fish species.
Main Results:
- High starch intake leads to glycogen and lipid accumulation in fish hepatocytes.
- Species-specific differences in glucose regulation (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis) impact susceptibility.
- Enlarged livers (hepatomegaly) are common in fish with high starch diets.
Conclusions:
- Glycogenic hepatopathy and hepatic steatosis are significant risks in fish fed high-starch diets.
- Varied fish physiology necessitates tailored diagnostic criteria and feed formulations.
- Further research is crucial for optimizing cost-effective, healthy fish feeds.
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