Graphdiyne-deposited microfiber structure all-optical modulator at the telecommunication band

All-optical modulator is a crucial device in next generation of all-optical communications, interconnects, and signal processing. Here, we demonstrate an all-optical phase modulator with graphdiyne (GDY)-deposited microfiber structure. The phase shift of the signal light can be readily controlled by pump light by thermo-optic effect. This all-optical modulator can achieve a phase shift slope of 0.0296 π·mW^-1 and a rising time of 5.48 ms at 25 Hz (3 ms, 50 Hz). Modes distributions in GDY-deposited microfiber at different wavelength are numerical analyzed and the normalized phase conversion efficiency of GDY are calculated. The results show that GDY has a considerable normalized phase conversion efficiency of 0.1644 π·mW^-1·mm^-1, which is higher than that of graphene, MXene and WS₂ based all-optical modulators. This work proves the potential of GDY in all-optical modulator device at telecommunication band and provides a support to all-optical signal processing systems.