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    A new hybrid aperiodic coding method enhances signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) fiber sensors. This boosts measurement certainty in long-range sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber Optic Sensing
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Measurement accuracy in Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) fiber sensors is critically dependent on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
    • Improving SNR is essential for enhancing the precision and reliability of BOTDA systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel hybrid aperiodic coding (HA-code) method to significantly improve the SNR of BOTDA fiber sensors.
    • To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HA-code in enhancing measurement certainty over extended distances.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a hybrid aperiodic code (HA-code) by nesting two pre-discovered short seed aperiodic codes (SA-codes).
    • Experimental validation of the HA-code's performance in a proof-of-concept BOTDA setup.
    • Evaluation of SNR improvement and its impact on measurement certainty.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved up to an 8 dB improvement in SNR.
    • Enhanced measurement certainty to 1.67 MHz.
    • Demonstrated performance over a 117.46 km sensing range with a spatial resolution of 2.6 m.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed hybrid aperiodic coding method effectively improves SNR in BOTDA systems.
    • The HA-code offers a viable solution for achieving higher measurement accuracy and certainty in long-range fiber optic sensing.