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Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...

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Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

Published on: January 9, 2012

Exosomes Derived Neuronal Markers: Immunoaffinity Isolation and Characterization.

Ghada Yousif¹, Shahnaz Qadri^2,3, Aijaz Parray⁴

¹College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.

Neuromolecular Medicine

|November 23, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to isolate neuronally derived exosomes (NDE) from blood using magnetic beads and specific antibodies. This technique successfully identified potential biomarkers for stroke, improving neurological disease diagnosis.

Keywords:

AMPA Exosomes GluR2/3 Immunoaffinity Neuronal exosomes Stroke

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Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

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Published on: May 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biochemistry
Biotechnology

Background:

Neuronal exosomes are vital for brain communication and potential biomarkers for neurological disorders like stroke.
Current methods for isolating neuronal exosomes from serum are limited due to their low abundance.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize an immunoaffinity assay for isolating neuronally derived exosomes (NDE) using brain-specific markers.
To evaluate the potential of GluR2/3 as a specific marker for NDE isolation in stroke patients.

Main Methods:

Functionalized magnetic beads were used for immunoaffinity isolation of exosomes from serum.
Exosome characteristics were analyzed using Dynamic Light Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy.
Western blot analysis confirmed the presence and quantity of GluR2/3 receptor subunits in isolated exosomes.

Main Results:

The optimized assay successfully isolated CD63+ and L1CAM+ exosomes from serum.
Transmission Electron Microscopy confirmed that isolated exosomes retained their structural integrity.
Western blot analysis revealed significantly increased GluR2/3 receptor protein in exosomes from stroke patients compared to healthy controls.

Conclusions:

The study successfully optimized an immunoaffinity assay for isolating neuronally derived exosomes (NDE).
GluR2/3 shows promise as an effective biomarker for isolating neuronal exosomes, aiding in stroke diagnosis.