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Updated: Oct 12, 2025

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
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Using Protection Motivation Theory to Predict Intentions for Breast Cancer Risk Management: Intervention Mechanisms

Claire C Conley1, Karen J Wernli2, Sarah Knerr3

  • 1Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.

Journal of Cancer Education : the Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
|November 23, 2021
PubMed

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of a web-based, Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)-informed breast cancer education and decision support tool on intentions for risk-reducing medication and breast MRI among high-risk women. Women with ≥ 1.67% 5-year breast cancer risk (N = 995) were randomized to (1) control or (2) the PMT-informed intervention. Six weeks post-intervention, 924 (93% retention) self-reported PMT constructs and behavioral intentions. Bootstrapped mediations evaluated the direct effect of the intervention on behavioral intentions and the mediating role of PMT constructs. There was no direct intervention effect on intentions for risk-reducing medication or MRI (p's ≥ 0.12). There were significant indirect effects on risk-reducing medication intentions via perceived risk, self-efficacy, and response efficacy, and on MRI intentions via perceived risk and response efficacy (p's ≤ 0.04). The PMT-informed intervention effected behavioral intentions via perceived breast cancer risk, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Future research should extend these findings from intentions to behavior. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03029286 (date of registration: January 24, 2017).

Keywords:
Breast cancerMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)PreventionProtection Motivation TheoryRisk managementRisk-reducing medication

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