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Dispersion Polymerization versus Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization for Nano-Object Fabrication: A Comprehensive

Feng Zhong1, Cai-Yuan Pan2

  • 1College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|November 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study compares emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization and dispersion polymerization for creating nano-objects. It highlights that efficient agitation and monomer solubility are key for controlling non-spherical nano-object morphology.

Keywords:
dispersion polymerizationemulsifier-free emulsion polymerizationmorphological transitionnucleationself-assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Emulsifier-free controlled/living radical polymerization is used to create nano-objects.
  • Morphology control in emulsion polymerization is challenging due to complex nucleation mechanisms.
  • Dispersion polymerization offers a simpler self-assembling nucleation mechanism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization and dispersion polymerization.
  • To investigate nucleation mechanisms, polymerization kinetics, and macrochain transfer agent behavior.
  • To analyze structural and morphological differences in produced nano-objects.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of published data on dispersion and emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization.
  • Examination of nucleation mechanisms and polymerization kinetics.
  • Evaluation of macrochain transfer agent disappearance and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) data.

Main Results:

  • Emulsion polymerization's heterogeneous nature impacts reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization and nano-object morphology.
  • Efficient agitation is crucial for controlling nano-object shape.
  • Adequate solubility of the core-forming monomer in water is vital for non-spherical nano-object fabrication.

Conclusions:

  • Dispersion polymerization offers more predictable nucleation than emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization.
  • Controlling nano-object morphology requires careful consideration of polymerization conditions.
  • Agitation and monomer solubility are critical parameters for tailoring nano-object structures in emulsion polymerization.