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Predictors of pulmonary hypertension among children with atrial septal defects (ASD)

Josephat M Chinawa1, Awoere T Chinawa2, Edmund N Ossai3

  • 1Professor and Pediatric Cardiologist, College of Medicine, Department of pediatrics, University of Nigeria/University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku- Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria.

The Libyan Journal of Medicine
|November 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary hypertension in children with atrial septal defect (ASD) is often mild. Age is a significant predictor of pulmonary hypertension in children with isolated ASD, with younger children being more affected.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Pulmonary Hypertension

Background:

  • Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a common congenital heart defect in children.
  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an uncommon but serious complication of ASD.
  • Predictors of PH in pediatric ASD remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of pulmonary hypertension in children diagnosed with atrial septal defect.
  • To investigate the relationship between ASD size, age, and PH development.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive analysis of pediatric patients with ASD across three institutions over five years.
  • Data analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.
  • Statistical significance assessed using correlation and chi-square tests.

Main Results:

  • Over half of the participants (52.2%) had pulmonary hypertension, mostly mild (62.5%).
  • No statistically significant correlation was found between ASD size and PH (r=0.193, p=0.118).
  • Age showed a significant positive correlation with ASD size (r=0.357, p=0.003) and was a significant predictor of PH, with children under 1 year old most affected (64.7%).

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary hypertension in children with ASD typically presents in a mild form.
  • Age is identified as the sole strong predictor of pulmonary hypertension in children with isolated ASD.
  • Younger children with ASD are at a higher risk for developing pulmonary hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
Atrial septal defectchildrenpulmonary hypertension

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