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Artificial intelligence in orthopaedics: A scoping review.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Growing interest in applying artificial intelligence (AI) to orthopaedic surgery.
  • Need to understand the scope and nature of current AI research in orthopaedics.
  • AI offers potential advancements in surgical procedures and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize existing research on AI in orthopaedics.
  • To understand the extent, range, and nature of AI applications in the field.
  • To stimulate future research and development in AI for orthopaedic surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a scoping review, a form of structured evidence synthesis.
  • Performed a literature search from 1946 to 2019.
  • Included 222 eligible studies for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant growth in AI research publications in the last three years, predominantly from the USA.
  • Majority of studies focused on AI for image interpretation (45%) and clinical decision tools (25%).
  • Spine (43%), knee (23%), and hip (14%) were the most studied anatomical regions.

Conclusions:

  • AI application in orthopaedics is expanding, but its scope remains limited.
  • Standardized reporting methods are needed for AI studies to enable assessment and comparison.
  • Prospective studies are essential to validate AI tools for clinical use in orthopaedics.