Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage....

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Clinical implications and recurrence rates of first-time catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a nationwide cohort study.

European heart journal open·2026

Same author

Cardiovascular prognostic impact of missense vs nonmissense lamin A/C variants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Heart rhythm·2026

Same author

Natural history of the PR interval and risk of cardiac events and mortality: a nationwide study.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)·2025

Same author

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: The Impact of Age at Diagnosis of the Proband on Genetic Yield, Clinical Presentation, Outcomes, and Yield of Family Screening.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2025

Same author

Clinical experience of a systemic algorithm for diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis.

Danish medical journal·2025

Same author

Diagnostic yield in families to sudden cardiac death victims: a 10-year follow-up study.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Published on: June 12, 2020

Gestational Age and Neonatal Electrocardiograms.

Joachim Hartmann¹, Maria Munk Pærregaard¹, Jakob Norsk¹

¹Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

|November 23, 2021

Summary

Gestational age significantly impacts neonatal electrocardiogram (ECG) readings, affecting heart rate and QRS axis. Developing gestational age-specific reference values is crucial for accurate interpretation of infant cardiac function.

More Related Videos

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates

Published on: September 6, 2017

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Published on: June 12, 2020

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates

Published on: September 6, 2017

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

Area of Science:

Neonatal cardiology
Pediatric electrophysiology
Cardiovascular development

Background:

Interpreting neonatal electrocardiograms (ECG) is complex due to rapid cardiovascular changes.
Establishing normative data for neonatal ECG parameters is essential for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of gestational age (GA) on neonatal ECG parameters.
To establish GA-specific reference values for neonatal ECG interpretation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of ECGs from 16,462 neonates within the Copenhagen Baby Heart Study.
Systematic analysis of ECGs and echocardiograms, correlating findings with gestational age and other baseline variables.

Main Results:

Gestational age significantly affected nearly all analyzed ECG parameters, including heart rate, QRS axis, and R-wave amplitude in V1.
These associations persisted after multifactorial adjustment, suggesting a direct effect of GA on cardiac conduction.
Boys exhibited distinct ECG patterns, with longer intervals and a more right-shifted QRS axis.

Conclusions:

Gestational age is a critical determinant of neonatal ECG parameters.
GA-specific reference values are recommended to optimize the clinical assessment of neonates.
Understanding GA's impact aids in the accurate interpretation of the developing neonatal heart.