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Science, healthcare system, and government effectiveness perception and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and hesitancy
Timothy D Dye1, Monica Barbosu2, Shazia Siddiqi2
1Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA tim_dye@urmc.rochester.edu.
Background:
Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance are complex; how perceptions of the effectiveness of science, healthcare and government impact personal COVID-19 vaccine acceptance is unclear, despite all three domains providing critical roles in development, funding and provision, and distribution of COVID-19 vaccine.
Objective:
To estimate impact of perception of science, healthcare systems, and government along with sociodemographic, psychosocial, and cultural characteristics on vaccine acceptance.
Design:
We conducted a global nested analytical cross-sectional study of how the perceptions of healthcare, government and science systems have impacted COVID-19 on vaccine acceptance.
Setting:
Global Facebook, Instagram and Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) users from 173 countries.
Participants:
7411 people aged 18 years or over, and able to read English, Spanish, Italian, or French.
Measurements:
We used Χ2 analysis and logistic regression-derived adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs to evaluate the relationship between effectiveness perceptions and vaccine acceptance controlling for other factors. We used natural language processing and thematic analysis to analyse the role of vaccine-related narratives in open-ended explanations of effectiveness.
Results:
After controlling for confounding, attitude toward science was a strong predictor of vaccine acceptance, more so than other attitudes, demographic, psychosocial or COVID-19-related variables (aOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.8 to 2.5). The rationale for science effectiveness was dominated by vaccine narratives, which were uncommon in other domains.
Limitations:
This study did not include participants from countries where Facebook and Amazon mTurk are not available, and vaccine acceptance reflected intention rather than actual behaviour.
Conclusions:
As our findings show, vaccine-related issues dominate public perception of science's impact around COVID-19, and this perception of science relates strongly to the decision to obtain vaccination once available.
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