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Altered cardiac autonomic function after recovery from COVID-19.
Ertuğrul Kurtoğlu1, Abdulmecit Afsin2, İbrahim Aktaş1
1Clinic of Cardiology, Malatya Turgut Ozal University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
Summary
Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis revealed significant cardiac autonomic dysfunction in COVID-19 survivors. This suggests HRV can detect preclinical autonomic issues post-COVID-19.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Autonomic Neuroscience
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- COVID-19 can cause autonomic dysfunction during its acute phase.
- Heart rate variability (HRV) assesses cardiac autonomic balance.
- Autonomic nervous system function post-COVID-19 requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate cardiac autonomic function using HRV in recovered COVID-19 patients.
- To compare HRV parameters between COVID-19 survivors and a healthy control group.
Main Methods:
- Fifty recovered COVID-19 patients and 50 healthy controls participated.
- Echocardiography and 24-hour Holter monitoring for HRV analysis were performed.
- Time, frequency, and nonlinear HRV parameters were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Reduced time and frequency domain HRV parameters (SDNN, RMSSD, TP, HF) were observed in COVID-19 survivors.
- Nonlinear HRV parameters (α1, α2) decreased, while others (Lmax, DET, Shannon entropy) increased.
- LFnu remained similar between groups, indicating preserved sympathetic-parasympathetic modulation balance.
Conclusions:
- Significant alterations in all three HRV domains indicate cardiac autonomic dysfunction after COVID-19 recovery.
- HRV serves as a valuable tool for detecting preclinical autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients.
- Further research is warranted to understand the long-term implications of autonomic dysfunction post-COVID-19.
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