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Natural compounds as antiatherogenic agents.

Uzma Saqib1, Masood A Khan2, Manikandan Alagumuthu3

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This review explores plant-based natural compounds that can modulate atherosclerosis (AS), a major cause of heart disease. These compounds offer potential therapeutic strategies by targeting key mechanisms in AS progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis (AS) is a primary cause of global mortality, linked to coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
  • AS pathogenesis involves cholesterol accumulation in macrophages, forming foam cells, driven by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) influx and impaired cholesterol efflux.
  • Natural compounds have a long history in AS treatment and prevention, with growing interest in medicinal herbs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review plant-based natural compounds with potential as atherosclerosis modulators.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action for these natural compounds in AS.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic implications of these findings for AS treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search for studies on plant-derived compounds and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of reported mechanisms of action for identified natural compounds.
  • Synthesis of information on therapeutic potential and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Numerous plant-based natural compounds have demonstrated efficacy in modulating AS.
  • Mechanisms include influencing lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant properties.
  • These compounds target key pathways in foam cell formation and plaque development.

Conclusions:

  • Plant-derived natural compounds represent a promising avenue for AS therapeutic development.
  • Understanding their mechanisms provides a basis for novel treatment strategies.
  • Further research is warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications for cardiovascular health.