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Occupational Science Concepts Essential to Occupation-Based Practice: Development of Expert Consensus.

Catherine L Backman1, Charles H Christiansen1, Barbara R Hooper2

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Experts identified essential occupational science (OS) concepts for occupational therapy practice. This research provides a foundation for refining OS knowledge in education and practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Science
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • The essential occupational science (OS) knowledge for occupational therapy (OT) practice remains underexplored.
  • Systematic exploration is needed to define the core OS concepts relevant to OT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and achieve expert consensus on OS concepts crucial for occupational therapy practice.
  • To establish a foundational understanding of essential OS knowledge for OT.

Main Methods:

  • Convergent mixed-methods Delphi design with an international panel of OS experts.
  • Four rounds of concept generation and consensus rating, with parallel and full-group analyses.
  • 52 experts from 22 countries participated over 14 months.

Main Results:

  • Eleven OS concepts achieved consensus (≥70%) as essential to OT practice.
  • Analysis revealed substantial expert agreement on key OS concepts.
  • Comparison of parallel and full-group results identified conceptual similarities and differences.

Conclusions:

  • Substantial expert agreement exists for several OS concepts vital to OT.
  • This study provides a preliminary basis for curriculum development in OT education.
  • The findings offer concepts for organizing OS knowledge relevant to OT practice.