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Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Electromechanical Assessment of Optogenetically Modulated Cardiomyocyte Activity
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Self-adaptive cardiac optogenetics device based on negative stretching-resistive strain sensor.

Wen Hong1,2, Chunpeng Jiang1,2, Mu Qin3

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Science Advances
|November 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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A novel self-adaptive cardiac optogenetics system uses a unique strain sensor for closed-loop heart rate monitoring and light control. This integrated device offers potential for implantable autodiagnosis and telehealth in cardiovascular medicine.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Optogenetics

Background:

  • Precision medicine requires continuous physiological monitoring for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Current cardiac optogenetics systems lack integration, leading to delays and poor portability.
  • There is a need for implantable systems enabling closed-loop monitoring and simultaneous treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated, self-adaptive cardiac optogenetics system.
  • To utilize a novel negative stretching-resistive strain sensor array for monitoring and control.
  • To demonstrate closed-loop heart rate recording and adaptive light intensity regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and fabricated a negative stretching-resistive strain sensor array.

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  • Integrated the sensor array with control electronics for real-time physiological feedback.
  • Tested the system in an in vivo ventricular tachycardia model.

    • Main Results:

    • The strain sensor demonstrated dual capability for precise monitoring and physiological-electrical-optical regulation.
    • The system achieved closed-loop heart rate recording and self-adaptive light intensity control.
    • Successful in vivo demonstration in a cardiac arrhythmia model.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed system offers a highly integrated solution for cardiac optogenetics.
    • The negative stretching-resistive sensor shows promise for implantable autodiagnosis and telehealth.
    • This technology advances wearable and implantable devices for cardiovascular monitoring and therapy.