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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Which injections are effective for lateral epicondylitis?

Brian Vukelic1, Rebecca Abbey1, Jordan Knox1

  • 1University of Utah Family Medicine Division, Salt Lake City.

The Journal of Family Practice
|November 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Placebo injections are highly effective for lateral epicondylitis, with no other injections demonstrating superior results. Most common injections offer no significant advantage over placebo for tennis elbow treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, is a frequent cause of elbow pain.
  • Treatment options for lateral epicondylitis are diverse, but their efficacy compared to placebo is often debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of various injections for treating lateral epicondylitis.
  • To determine if treatments like corticosteroid, PRP, botulinum toxin, prolotherapy, hyaluronic acid, or autologous blood injections are superior to placebo or saline injections.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses were analyzed.
  • The primary outcome measures included pain reduction and functional improvement.
  • Comparisons were made against placebo, saline, or anesthetic injections.

Main Results:

  • Corticosteroid injections showed no superiority over saline or anesthetic injections (SOR A).
  • Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections were not superior to saline injections (SOR A).
  • Botulinum toxin offered modest short-term pain relief but caused grip weakness (SOR A).
  • Prolotherapy showed delayed pain improvement (16 weeks, not 8 weeks) (SOR B).
  • Hyaluronic acid and autologous blood injections did not demonstrate clinically significant benefits over saline (SOR B).

Conclusions:

  • Placebo injections are highly effective for lateral epicondylitis.
  • Current evidence does not convincingly support the superiority of corticosteroid, PRP, hyaluronic acid, or autologous blood injections over placebo or saline.
  • Botulinum toxin and prolotherapy show limited or short-term benefits with potential side effects.