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Mapping Sequential IgE-Binding Epitopes on Major and Minor Egg Allergens.

Maria Suprun1, Scott H Sicherer2, Robert A Wood3

  • 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA, suprun.maria@gmail.com.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|November 24, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a comprehensive hen's egg allergen epitope library. Sequential epitope-specific IgE (ses-IgE) shows potential as a biomarker for baked-egg reactivity in children.

Keywords:
Baked-eggEgg allergyEgg yolkEgg-whiteEpitope mappingIgEIgG4

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Area of Science:

  • Allergen immunotherapy
  • Immunology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Molecular characterization of hen's egg allergens is crucial for defining allergic phenotypes.
  • IgE antibodies targeting sequential epitopes on ovomucoid (OVM) are linked to persistent egg allergy.
  • Epitope profiles for most egg allergens remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct a comprehensive epitope library for seven major hen's egg allergens.
  • To evaluate sequential epitope-specific IgE (ses-IgE) and ses-IgG4 in children with varying baked-egg reactivity.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for predicting baked-egg tolerance or reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a Bead-Based Epitope Assay to identify IgE epitopes from overlapping peptides of OVM and ovalbumin (OVA).
  • Created an ensemble prediction tool by amalgamating 12 B-cell epitope prediction algorithms.
  • Predicted epitopes for ovotransferrin, lysozyme, serum albumin, vitellogenin-II, and vitellogenin-1 using the ensemble tool.
  • Compared ses-IgE and ses-IgG4 repertoires in 135 egg-allergic children (baked-egg reactive vs. tolerant), atopic controls, and healthy subjects.

Main Results:

  • A library of 65 sequential epitopes from 7 egg proteins was constructed, improving prediction accuracy.
  • Egg-allergic children exhibited higher ses-IgE and lower ses-IgG4 to OVM epitopes compared to controls.
  • Children reactive to baked-egg showed significantly higher ses-IgE than tolerant children, with similar ses-IgG4 levels.
  • A combination of OVA-specific IgE and ses-IgEs to OVM-023 and OVA-028 effectively predicted baked-egg reactivity.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive sequential epitope library for hen's egg allergens has been successfully created.
  • Ses-IgE emerges as a promising biomarker for identifying baked-egg reactivity in allergic children.
  • Further research can leverage this library for improved diagnostics and targeted therapies for egg allergy.