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The Immunomodulatory Functions of Butyrate
Mohamed Tausif Siddiqui1,2, Gail A M Cresci1,3
1Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Human Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Journal of Inflammation Research
|November 25, 2021
Summary
Butyrate, a gut microbiome metabolite, plays a crucial role in immune homeostasis. Supplementing butyrate shows therapeutic potential for inflammatory disorders linked to its depletion.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- The gastrointestinal system is a major immune organ with complex interactions between the gut microbiome and immune cells.
- Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate, mediate the gut microbiome's influence on local and systemic immunity.
- Depletion of butyrate is observed in various gastrointestinal and systemic inflammatory disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of endogenous butyrate in intestinal inflammation and immune homeostasis.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of butyrate supplementation for inflammatory conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on butyrate's role in immunity.
- Analysis of experimental models investigating butyrate.
- Examination of human studies on butyrate supplementation.
Main Results:
- Butyrate is integral to maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis.
- Gut microbial alterations are linked to butyrate depletion in inflammatory diseases.
- Butyrate supplementation is being investigated as a therapeutic strategy.
Conclusions:
- Endogenous butyrate is critical for regulating inflammatory responses in the gut.
- Further research is needed to establish causality and optimize butyrate-based therapies.
- Targeting the gut microbiome or supplementing butyrate offers promising avenues for immunomodulatory treatments.
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