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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

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Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
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Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
282
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

4.2K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
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Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

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LeFort Fractures.

Allison K Ikeda1, Andrea B Burke2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Seminars in Plastic Surgery
|November 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency room consultations for facial fractures are common for surgeons. This guide details the evaluation, assessment, and management of LeFort fractures for optimal patient outcomes.

Keywords:
dental traumadentoalveolar fractureslefort fracturesmidface fracturespalatal fractures

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Facial fractures are common emergency presentations.
  • Management requires a strong understanding of anatomy and injury patterns.
  • Oral maxillofacial surgeons, otolaryngologists, and plastic surgeons frequently manage these cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the workup and management of LeFort fractures.
  • To establish a knowledge foundation for emergency facial fracture assessment.
  • To guide timely and effective treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on facial fracture management.
  • Focus on diagnostic evaluation protocols.
  • Emphasis on surgical and non-surgical treatment options for LeFort fractures.

Main Results:

  • LeFort fractures present a spectrum of severity requiring tailored management.
  • Accurate assessment is crucial for preventing complications.
  • Timely intervention leads to improved functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to evaluating and managing LeFort fractures is essential.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration ensures optimal patient care.
  • This review serves as a critical resource for emergency facial fracture management.