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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
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Pediatric Facial Fractures.

Rachel B Lim1, Richard A Hopper2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Seminars in Plastic Surgery
|November 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric facial trauma, while often soft tissue injuries, can include rare but severe fractures. Management requires considering unique pediatric growth and psychosocial factors for optimal outcomes.

Keywords:
NOEfacial fracturesfacial trauma

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Traumatology
  • Craniomaxillofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Orthodontics

Background:

  • Facial trauma is prevalent in children, frequently affecting soft tissues and dentoalveolar structures.
  • While less common than in adults, pediatric facial fractures indicate severe injury, potentially causing significant morbidity.
  • Management must account for distinct pediatric psychosocial, anatomical, and growth considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the unique aspects of managing pediatric craniomaxillofacial fractures.
  • To emphasize the need for specialized approaches considering growth and development.
  • To outline principles for preventing long-term functional and aesthetic abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pediatric craniomaxillofacial trauma literature.
  • Analysis of case series focusing on pediatric facial fractures.
  • Comparative study of adult versus pediatric fracture management principles.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric facial fractures, though rare, necessitate careful management due to potential for severe outcomes.
  • Conservative treatment is often preferred, but displaced fractures require precise reduction.
  • Compensatory growth potential in children influences treatment decisions and outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of pediatric facial fractures requires a tailored approach.
  • Accurate reduction is crucial for displaced fractures to prevent malocclusion and deformities.
  • Addressing psychosocial and growth factors ensures optimal functional and aesthetic recovery in pediatric patients.