Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of YSZ Nanofillers for Dental Cements at Different Temperatures
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Updated: Oct 12, 2025
High Temperature Fabrication of Nanostructured Yttria-Stabilized-Zirconia YSZ Scaffolds by In Situ Carbon Templating Xerogels
Published on: April 16, 2017
Anastasia Beketova1, Anna Theocharidou1, Ioannis Tsamesidis1
1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Background:
Yttria-stabilized zirconia nanoparticles can be applied as fillers to improve the mechanical and antibacterial properties of luting cement. The aim of this study was to synthesize yttria-stabilized zirconia nanoparticles by the sol-gel method and to investigate their composition, structure, morphology and biological properties.
Methods:
Nanopowders of ZrO2 7 wt% Y2O3 (nY-ZrO) were synthesized by the sol-gel method and were sintered at three different temperatures: 800, 1000 and 1200 °C, and their composition, size and morphology were investigated. The biocompatibility was investigated with human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs), while reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated through fluorescence analysis.
Results:
All synthesized materials were composed of tetragonal zirconia, while nanopowders sintered at 800 °C and 1000 °C additionally contained 5 and 20 wt% of the cubic phase. By increasing the calcination temperature, the crystalline size of the nanoparticles increased from 12.1 nm for nY-ZrO800 to 47.2 nm for nY-ZrO1200. Nano-sized particles with good dispersion and low agglomeration were received. Cell culture studies with human gingival fibroblasts verified the nanopowders' biocompatibility and their ROS scavenging activity.
Conclusions:
the obtained sol-gel derived nanopowders showed suitable properties to be potentially used as nanofillers for dental luting cement.
