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Numerical Study of Graphene/Au/SiC Waveguide-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor.

Wei Du1, Lucas Miller1, Feng Zhao2

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Physics, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18766, USA.

Biosensors
|November 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A novel waveguide sensor using graphene and silicon carbide enhances surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection. This improved SPR sensor offers higher sensitivity for biosensing applications.

Keywords:
biosensorchemical sensorgraphenerefractive indexsilicon carbidesurface plasmon resonancewaveguide

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biosensing

Background:

  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensors are crucial for real-time biomolecular interaction analysis.
  • Existing SPR sensors face limitations in sensitivity and operational wavelength range.
  • Graphene's unique properties offer potential for enhancing SPR sensor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and numerically investigate a new waveguide-based SPR sensor incorporating graphene.
  • To optimize the sensor design for improved sensitivity and broader operational wavelengths.
  • To evaluate the sensor's potential for various biosensing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of a waveguide SPR sensor comprising graphene, gold (Au), and silicon carbide (SiC) layers.
  • Characterization by analyzing the shift in resonance wavelength peak with changes in refractive index (RI).
  • Comparison of sensor performance with varying numbers of graphene layers.

Main Results:

  • The proposed sensor operates in the visible and near-infrared ranges due to SiC's large bandgap energy.
  • Increased graphene layers significantly improved sensitivity in the RI range of 1.33–1.36.
  • A sensitivity of 2810 nm/RIU was achieved with 10 graphene layers, a 39.1% improvement over sensors without graphene.

Conclusions:

  • The graphene/Au/SiC waveguide SPR sensor demonstrates enhanced sensitivity and performance.
  • The sensor shows significant promise for portable biosensing in detecting water contaminants, viruses (HBV), glucose, and blood components.
  • This technology could advance human health diagnostics and environmental monitoring.