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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

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On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
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Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Zinc-Sponge Battery Electrodes that Suppress Dendrites
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Artificial interphase engineering to stabilize aqueous zinc metal anodes.

Zichao Yan1, Wenli Xin1, Zhiqiang Zhu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. zqzhu@hnu.edu.cn.

Nanoscale
|November 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Artificial interphase engineering stabilizes zinc anodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries by addressing hydrogen evolution and dendrite growth. This review covers recent developments in functional layer coatings and in situ solid electrolyte interphase formation for improved battery performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous zinc-ion batteries offer high energy density, safety, and environmental benefits, making them promising for future electronics.
  • Key challenges in current aqueous zinc-ion batteries include hydrogen evolution and dendrite growth at the zinc anode.
  • Stabilizing the zinc metal anode is crucial for advancing these battery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the state-of-the-art in artificial interphase engineering for aqueous zinc metal anodes.
  • To summarize recent developments in artificial interphases, focusing on chemical composition, structure, and function.
  • To discuss potential issues and future perspectives in materials and methods for zinc anode stabilization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of artificial interphase engineering strategies for zinc anodes.
  • Focus on functional layer coating and in situ solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in interphase materials and their characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Artificial interphase engineering is identified as a highly effective strategy for stabilizing zinc anodes.
  • Recent developments demonstrate tunable, selectable, and controllable characteristics of artificial interphases.
  • The review covers diverse approaches to interphase modification, including chemical composition and structural design.

Conclusions:

  • Rational interphase engineering is essential for overcoming the limitations of aqueous zinc metal anodes.
  • Continued research into novel materials and methods for artificial interphases is needed.
  • This work provides insights into future directions for developing robust and high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.