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Image quality in liver CT: low-dose deep learning vs standard-dose model-based iterative reconstructions.

Sungeun Park1,2, Jeong Hee Yoon1,3,4, Ijin Joo1,3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

Low-dose liver CT (LDCT) using deep learning denoising (DLD) achieved non-inferior image quality and lesion detectability compared to standard-dose CT (SDCT), with a 67% radiation dose reduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Standard-dose CT (SDCT) is crucial for liver lesion detection but involves significant radiation exposure.
  • Deep learning denoising (DLD) offers potential for reducing radiation dose in CT imaging.
  • Evaluating DLD's efficacy in low-dose liver CT (LDCT) is essential for optimizing patient safety and diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the overall image quality and detectability of significant liver lesions between LDCT with DLD and SDCT with model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR).
  • To assess the radiation dose reduction achieved by LDCT with DLD while maintaining diagnostic performance.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CT images from 80 patients with hepatic focal lesions.
  • Noninferiority analysis for overall image quality using a 5-point scale (margin: -0.5 points).
  • Comparison of lesion detectability using jackknife alternative free-response ROC analysis.

Main Results:

  • LDCT with DLD demonstrated non-inferior overall image quality (mean scores: 3.77 vs. 3.94) and lesion detectability (figure-of-merit: 0.859 vs. 0.878) compared to SDCT.
  • LDCT with DLD showed significantly lower noise and higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for liver lesions (p < 0.05).
  • Qualitative image quality scores for LDCT were lower than SDCT but considered average among readers.

Conclusions:

  • LDCT using DLD achieves a 67% radiation dose reduction while maintaining non-inferior overall image quality and detectability of significant liver lesions compared to SDCT.
  • DLD is a promising technique for improving the diagnostic performance of low-dose liver CT.
  • This approach offers a favorable balance between radiation dose reduction and diagnostic efficacy in liver lesion evaluation.