Classification of analyzable metaphase images using transfer learning and fine tuning

Chromosomes are bodies that contain human genetic information. Chromosomal disorders can cause structural and functional disorders in individuals. Detecting the metaphase stages of the cells accurately is a crucial step to detect possible defects in chromosomes. Thus, it is vital at this stage to identify the identical chromosome of each chromosome, to perform the pairing process, and to identify problems arising from this process. In this study, it was investigated whether the analyzable metaphase images can be analyzed by using the transfer learning and fine tuning approaches of deep learning models. The weights of VGG16 and InceptionV3 models trained with ImageNet data set were transferred to this problem and the classification process was carried out. True positive ratio values are 99%(± 0.9) and 99%(± 0.9) for VGG and Inception networks, respectively. The classification performances obtained depending on the changing training set ratios are presented comparatively in figures. F-measure, precision, and recall values obtained for the VGG and Inception networks were observed as 99%(± 1.0) and 99%(± 1.0), respectively. F-measure, precision, and recall values of VGG and Inceptionv3 networks are also presented with respect to the ratio of training size. The obtained results have compared with the state-of-the-art methods in the literature and supported with the tables and graphics. The training phase was also accelerated by using transfer learning and fine tuning methods. Transfer learning and fine tuning processes have almost similar performance as the models used in the literature and trained from scratch in metaphase Graphical Abstract The Flowchart of the proposed system for classifying metaphase candidates detection.