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The anti-inflammatory activity of specific-sized hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides

Wenwei Han1, Youjing Lv2, Yutong Sun3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|November 26, 2021
PubMed

Severe acute inflammatory conditions may cause tissue damage, sepsis, and death. As a critical component of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been reported to possess pro- and anti-inflammatory properties via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In this study, we prepared different sizes and structures of HA oligosaccharides and derivatives and investigated the effects on inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that HA tetra-saccharide was the minimum fragment to enhance inflammation, whereas HA disaccharide competitively blocked TLR4-dependent inflammation. The enzymatic HA disaccharide (ΔHA2) inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Based on structure-activity relationship analysis, we observed that anti-inflammatory activity depended on HAs polymerization degree, acetyl group, and configuration. In addition, we demonstrated that ΔHA2 reduced LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines production in vivo. ΔHA2, a native metabolite of HA polysaccharides, may have a potential role against LPS-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Keywords:
Anti-inflammatory responseHyaluronic acidImmunoregulationOligosaccharidesToll-like receptors

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