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Morphological classification and changes in dementia (Review).
Alexandra Tudor1, Antonia Ioana Vasile2, Simona Corina Trifu3
1Department of Psychiatry, 'Prof. Dr. Alex. Obregia' Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
|November 26, 2021
Summary
This review explores magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for early dementia detection. Advanced MRI methods aid in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease by analyzing brain structure and function, enabling timely intervention.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Artificial Intelligence
- Genetics
Background:
- Dementia involves progressive cognitive and neuropsychiatric decline.
- Aging, genetics (APOEε4), and environment influence dementia risk.
- Alzheimer's disease is the most common dementia, with APOEε4 as a key genetic risk factor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review MRI techniques for preclinical dementia diagnosis.
- To explore advanced neuroimaging methods for dementia assessment.
- To propose a systematic approach for dementia diagnosis and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Focus on MRI techniques for detecting cortical atrophy and white matter dysfunction.
- Analysis of cerebral vessel quality and metabolic asymmetries.
- Review of advanced methods: diffusion tensor imaging, quantitative susceptibility mapping, magnetic transfer imaging.
Main Results:
- MRI is a leading tool for identifying structural brain changes in dementia.
- AI algorithms enhance dementia diagnosis using MRI data.
- Advanced MRI techniques offer powerful insights into brain pathology.
Conclusions:
- MRI-based AI holds promise for early dementia detection.
- Comprehensive neuroimaging analysis is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning.
- Systematic application of advanced MRI can improve dementia care.
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