Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

18.9K

Two cases of pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in children in Indonesia

Heda Melinda Nataprawira1, Indah Septiane1, Sri Sudarwati1

  • 1Department of Child Health, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|November 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Treatment for pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) in children is challenging. Two pediatric cases of pre-XDR-TB showed positive outcomes with individualized treatment, highlighting the need for careful monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Mycobacterial infections
  • Antimicrobial resistance

Background:

  • Pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin plus fluoroquinolone or second-line injectable drugs.
  • Limited data exists on pediatric pre-XDR-TB, with treatment often individualized due to guideline gaps and new drug unavailability.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric cases of pre-XDR-TB were treated with individualized regimens.
  • The children responded well to their respective treatment plans.

Findings:

  • Individualized treatment regimens can be effective for pediatric pre-XDR-TB.
  • Successful treatment requires careful consideration of drug susceptibility patterns.

Implications:

  • These findings suggest that tailored treatment approaches may improve outcomes for children with pre-XDR-TB.
  • Close monitoring for adverse drug reactions is crucial due to the long duration and toxicity of treatments.

Keywords:
Case reportChildrenPre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis

More Related Videos

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

19.3K
Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test08:10

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

81.2K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
264
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
227
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
619
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
393
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
511
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
22