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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

Color Variations in Left Atrial Appendage Occluders.

Ott Saluveer¹, Nikola Drca¹, Bo Sahlgren¹

¹Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

JACC. Case Reports

|November 26, 2021

Summary

Brownish left atrial appendage occlusion devices are safe. Device color variations, from blue to brown, are due to oxide layer thickness and do not affect device performance in patients.

Keywords:

LAA, left atrial appendage LAAO, left atrial appendage occlusion atrial fibrillation echocardiography left atrial appendage occluder stroke

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Published on: February 8, 2022

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Interventions
Medical Device Technology
Materials Science

Background:

Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is a common procedure.
Device appearance is critical for procedural success and patient safety.
Miscoloration of LAAO devices has led to procedural interruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cause of brownish discoloration in LAAO devices.
To determine if device color impacts LAAO device performance.
To provide guidance on managing device color variations during procedures.

Main Methods:

Analysis of explanted LAAO devices with varying colors.
Characterization of the oxide layer thickness on device surfaces.
Assessment of device functionality and performance metrics.

Main Results:

LAAO devices exhibit a color spectrum from blue to brown.
Brownish hues correlate with increased oxide layer thickness.
Device color variation did not demonstrate any impact on device performance or functionality.

Conclusions:

Brownish discoloration of LAAO devices is an expected phenomenon related to oxide layer thickness.
Clinicians should not be concerned by brownish LAAO devices as color does not affect performance.
Procedural success in LAAO is not dependent on the typical blue color of the device.