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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

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A histopathological classification scheme for abdominal aortic aneurysm disease.

Laura E Bruijn1, Charid G van Stroe Gómez1, John A Curci2

  • 1Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands.

Jvs-Vascular Science
|November 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new histopathological classification for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) was developed, revealing distinct features from thoracic aneurysms. This scoring system helps differentiate nonclassical AAA variants.

Keywords:
Abdominal aortic aneurysmClassificationHistologyThoracic aortic aneurysmVascular remodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Pathology
  • Histopathology
  • Aortic Diseases

Background:

  • Existing consensus classifications for thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and inflammatory aortic diseases lack specificity for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs).
  • Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have high prevalence and significant knowledge gaps in their pathophysiology.
  • Extending classification schemes to AAAs is crucial for clinical decision-making and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the applicability of existing consensus histopathological classifications for AAAs.
  • To adapt or develop a new classification scheme tailored for AAA histopathology.
  • To identify and characterize key histological features of AAAs.

Main Methods:

  • Histological analysis of 72 AAA anterolateral wall samples using H&E and Movat Pentachrome staining.
  • Semi-quantitative and qualitative grading of histological features.
  • Immunohistochemistry to assess immune system components and atherosclerotic lesions.

Main Results:

  • Existing classifications were inadequate for AAAs, necessitating a new AAA-specific 11-point classification.
  • Universal AAA features include near-complete elastolysis.
  • Significant variations observed in inflammation and atherosclerotic lesion characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multiparameter histopathological classification highlights significant histological differences between thoracic and abdominal aneurysms.
  • The proposed scoring system effectively distinguishes nonclassical (genetic) AAA variants.
  • This classification provides a valuable tool for AAA disease characterization and research.