Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

200
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
200
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

198
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence...
198
Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

478
Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
478
Linear time-invariant Systems01:23

Linear time-invariant Systems

520
A system is linear if it displays the characteristics of homogeneity and additivity, together termed the superposition property. This principle is fundamental in all linear systems. Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems include systems with linear elements and constant parameters.
The input-output behavior of an LTI system can be fully defined by its response to an impulsive excitation at its input. Once this impulse response is known, the system's reaction to any other input can be...
520
Linear Approximation in Time Domain01:21

Linear Approximation in Time Domain

139
Nonlinear systems often require sophisticated approaches for accurate modeling and analysis, with state-space representation being particularly effective. This method is especially useful for systems where variables and parameters vary with time or operating conditions, such as in a simple pendulum or a translational mechanical system with nonlinear springs.
For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length,...
139
Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

1.1K
Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Phylogenetic Inference and Ancestral Character Reconstruction of Diphyllobothriid Tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae).

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

The role of hyperedge overlap in reshaping dynamics of neural networks with higher-order interactions.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same author

Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Single-Level Bryan and ProDisc-C Cervical Disc Arthroplasty: A 5-year Follow-up Study.

Global spine journal·2026
Same author

Direct data-driven bipartite cooperative output consensus for heterogeneous multi-agent systems with external disturbances.

ISA transactions·2026
Same author

A new species of the genus <i>Soriculus</i> (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) from Medog, Tibet, China, based on morphological and molecular data.

ZooKeys·2025
Same author

Influence of Activator Modulus and Water-to-Binder Ratio on Mechanical Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Lithium-Slag-Based Geopolymers.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control
08:18

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

5.1K

Event-Triggered Fixed-Time Integral Sliding Mode Control for Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems with Disturbances.

Xue Li1, Zhiyong Yu1, Haijun Jiang1

  • 1College of Mathematics and System Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new protocol for first-order nonlinear multi-agent systems (FONMASs) to achieve leader-following consensus in a fixed time, even with external disturbances. The method avoids Zeno behavior and enhances control for multiple leaders.

Keywords:
fixed-timeleader-following consensusmulti-agent systemssliding mode control

More Related Videos

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research
08:35

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

2.7K
Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
06:45

Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 12, 2025

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control
08:18

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

5.1K
Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research
08:35

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

2.7K
Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
06:45

Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Control Systems Engineering
  • Robotics
  • Networked Systems

Background:

  • Multi-agent systems (MASs) are crucial in distributed control.
  • Achieving consensus in systems with nonlinear dynamics and disturbances is challenging.
  • Fixed-time control offers faster convergence than traditional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the leader-following consensus problem for first-order nonlinear multi-agent systems (FONMASs) under external disturbances.
  • To design a novel distributed fixed-time sliding mode manifold and an event-triggered protocol.
  • To extend the protocol for multiple leaders and containment control.

Main Methods:

  • Design of a distributed fixed-time sliding mode manifold.
  • Proposal of a static event-triggered control protocol over general directed graphs.
  • Application of fixed-time stability theory and inequality techniques.
  • Development of an improved event-triggering strategy for multi-leader scenarios.

Main Results:

  • The proposed protocol ensures FONMASs achieve leader-following consensus in fixed time.
  • External disturbances are effectively suppressed.
  • Zeno behavior is avoided through careful parameter selection.
  • The improved protocol enables containment control in multi-leader systems.

Conclusions:

  • The developed fixed-time control strategies are effective for leader-following consensus and containment control in FONMASs.
  • The event-triggered approach enhances efficiency and robustness against disturbances.
  • Numerical simulations validate the proposed protocols' performance.