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COVID-19 in Pediatric Inpatients: A Multi-Center Observational Study of Factors Associated with Negative Short-Term

Sara Rubenstein1, Emily Grew1, Katharine Clouser2,3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

In children and adolescents, older age, high BMI, and underlying conditions are linked to severe COVID-19 outcomes. These factors increase the likelihood of extended hospital stays and respiratory support needs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • While most pediatric COVID-19 cases are mild, severe disease requiring intensive care can occur.
  • Identifying risk factors for severe outcomes in pediatric patients is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors associated with negative short-term outcomes in pediatric patients with COVID-19 during the early pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records, laboratory data, and imaging studies.
  • Inclusion of 82 pediatric patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection across three US hospitals.
  • Assessment of outcomes including PICU admission and respiratory support.

Main Results:

  • Older pediatric patients experienced longer hospital stays.
  • Patients with high Body Mass Index (BMI > 25) were more likely to be admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).
  • Older age, high BMI, and pre-existing medical conditions correlated with increased need for respiratory support.

Conclusions:

  • Age, BMI, and underlying medical conditions are significant factors associated with more severe COVID-19 illness in children and adolescents.
  • Clinicians should consider these risk factors when managing pediatric COVID-19 patients.
  • Early identification of at-risk children can guide treatment strategies and resource allocation.

Keywords:
COVID-19agebody mass indexpediatric intensive care unitrespiratory support

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