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Vertigo and Dizziness in Children: An Update.
Virginia Fancello1, Silvia Palma2, Daniele Monzani3
1ENT & Audiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Cona, Italy.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2021
Summary
Vestibular Migraine is the most common cause of vertigo in children, with prevalence increasing with age. A multidisciplinary approach is vital for diagnosis and treatment of paediatric vertigo.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Otolaryngology
- Clinical Dizziness Research
Background:
- Vertigo and dizziness are uncommon in children but impact quality of life.
- Limited data exists on the prevalence of pediatric vertigo causes.
- Understanding vertigo aetiologies in children is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the prevalence of different vertigo aetiologies in the pediatric population.
- To identify the most common causes of vertigo in children.
- To analyze age-related trends in pediatric vertigo.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched Medline and Embase databases from January 2011 to September 2021.
- Included 7 studies after screening 1094 manuscripts.
Main Results:
- Analyzed data from 2470 pediatric patients.
- Vestibular Migraine was the most frequent diagnosis.
- Audio-vestibular disorders were the second leading cause, increasing with age.
- A significant percentage of cases remained undiagnosed.
Conclusions:
- Vertigo in children necessitates a multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, neurologists, and otolaryngologists.
- Comprehensive evaluation is key for successful therapy and parental reassurance.
- Further research is needed to clarify the aetiology in a subset of pediatric vertigo patients.
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